Glyoxylic acid 298-12-4 CAS NO.298-12-4

Aldehydoformicacid;alpha-Ketoacetic acid;alpha-ketoaceticacid;Formic acid, formyl-;Formylformic;formyl-formicaci;glyoxylicacid(50%orless);glyoxylicacid(oxo-aceticacid)

Glyoxylic acid Chemical Properties

mp  -93°C
bp  111°C
density  1.33 g/mL at 20 °C

refractive index  n20/D 1.414

Fp  111°C
storage temp.  2-8°C

Water Solubility  miscible
Merck  4511
CAS DataBase Reference 298-12-4(CAS DataBase Reference)
NIST Chemistry Reference Acetic acid, oxo-(298-12-4)
EPA Substance Registry System Acetic acid, oxo-(298-12-4)

Safety Information

Hazard Codes  C,Xi
Risk Statements  34-43-41
Safety Statements  26-36/37/39-45-37/39-24
RIDADR  UN 3265 8/PG 2

WGK Germany  1

RTECS  MD4550000

HazardClass  8
PackingGroup  III
Hazardous Substances Data 298-12-4(Hazardous Substances Data)

Glyoxylic acid Usage And Synthesis

Chemical Properties clear yellow solution
General Description Supplied as a 50% aqueous solution. Colorless to straw yellow.
Reactivity Profile GLYOXYLIC ACID is a carboxylic acid. Preparative hazard, nitric acid and glyoxal to produce glyoxylic acid has had explosive consequences. Carboxylic acids donate hydrogen ions if a base is present to accept them. They react in this way with all bases, both organic (for example, the amines) and inorganic. Their reactions with bases, called "neutralizations", are accompanied by the evolution of substantial amounts of heat. Neutralization between an acid and a base produces water plus a salt. Carboxylic acids with six or fewer carbon atoms are freely or moderately soluble in water; those with more than six carbons are slightly soluble in water. Soluble carboxylic acid dissociate to an extent in water to yield hydrogen ions. The pH of solutions of carboxylic acids is therefore less than 7.0. Many insoluble carboxylic acids react rapidly with aqueous solutions containing a chemical base and dissolve as the neutralization generates a soluble salt. Carboxylic acids in aqueous solution and liquid or molten carboxylic acids can react with active metals to form gaseous hydrogen and a metal salt. Such reactions occur in principle for solid carboxylic acids as well, but are slow if the solid acid remains dry. Even "insoluble" carboxylic acids may absorb enough water from the air and dissolve sufficiently in Glyoxylic acid to corrode or dissolve iron, steel, and aluminum parts and containers. Carboxylic acids, like other acids, react with cyanide salts to generate gaseous hydrogen cyanide. The reaction is slower for dry, solid carboxylic acids. Insoluble carboxylic acids react with solutions of cyanides to cause the release of gaseous hydrogen cyanide. Flammable and/or toxic gases and heat are generated by the reaction of carboxylic acids with diazo compounds, dithiocarbamates, isocyanates, mercaptans, nitrides, and sulfides. Carboxylic acids, especially in aqueous solution, also react with sulfites, nitrites, thiosulfates (to give H2S and SO3), dithionites (SO2), to generate flammable and/or toxic gases and heat. Their reaction with carbonates and bicarbonates generates a harmless gas (carbon dioxide) but still heat. Like other organic compounds, carboxylic acids can be oxidized by strong oxidizing agents and reduced by strong reducing agents. These reactions generate heat. A wide variety of products is possible. Like other acids, carboxylic acids may initiate polymerization reactions; like other acids, they often catalyze (increase the rate of) chemical reactions.
Health Hazard Contact will cause severe eye and skin burns. Vapor exposure may cause eye and skin irritation.