billberry Extract;European Bilberry Extract

Uses: Bilberry extract improves vision; removes free radicals; anti-oxidation, etc.In Europe, it was first used as a medicinal plant in the 16th century. The leaves have been used for astringent, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, tonic, and weak antidiabetic activity. They have been used in various herbal medicines for the treatment of diabetes. The leaves contain a component (glucoquinine) that has been shown to lower blood sugar in experiments. According to modern research, leaf preparations have been suggested as medicines for the treatment of rheumatism and gout in Germany. Berries are an ancient food in Northern Europe. In Scotland, berries are eaten with dairy products and used as pies, fruit pies, syrups and juices; berries are also used to make wine. Decoctions or juices of dried berries are used as astringents, diuretics, nutritional tonics, antiscurvy drugs and hemostatics for diarrhea and dysentery. Tea containing dried, powdered berries is used as an anti-emetic and astringent, and in oral washings for oral inflammation. Bilberry has been used as an over-the-counter drug in Ge

It contains a large number of flavonoids, mainly anthocyanidins, including cyanidin, delphinidin, peonidin, petanidin, malvidin, and their galactose, arabinose, and glucoside. Other flavonoids include quercitrin, (+) catechin, (-) epicatechin and its gallic acid esters, catechin tannins, etc.; aroma components include trans-2-hexenal, ethyl-3-methylbutyrate, ethyl-2-methylbutyrate, etc.; phenolic acids include chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, hydroquinone, etc.; there are also coumarins, terpenes, vitamins, etc.Francis et al. (1996) reported that the main anthocyanins in an unnamed dwarf blueberry were non-acylated glucosides and galactosides of delphinidin, cyanidin, petunidin, peonidin and damascene, and no acylated glycosides were reported. Ballinger et al. (1970) isolated 14 anthocyanins from mature tall blueberry fruits. The main anthocyanins were arranged in order of quantity: damascene 3-galactoside, delphinidin-3-galactoside, delphinidin-3-arabinoside, petunidin-3-galactoside, petunidin-3-arabinoside